{"id":352,"date":"2021-03-26T16:22:30","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T15:22:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/?page_id=352"},"modified":"2023-01-19T15:39:53","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T14:39:53","slug":"polnische-zwangsarbeiterinnen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/polnische-zwangsarbeiterinnen\/","title":{"rendered":"Polish forced labourers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Around two million Poles performed forced labour in the German Reich during World War II. From a total of approximately 13 million forced labourers, they made up the second largest group after forced labourers from the Soviet Union (\u201cOstarbeiter\u201d). They were almost all deported against their will. Although they had to perform hard labour, they lived in very primitive accommodations and received poor food rations. They were prohibited from engaging in most leisure activities. An estimated 137,000 Poles died while performing forced labour, in many cases because they were denied access to the German air-raid shelters and not granted work protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"mgl-root\" data-gallery-options=\"{&quot;image_ids&quot;:[&quot;717&quot;,&quot;725&quot;],&quot;id&quot;:&quot;6a81c236d1260&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:false,&quot;custom_class&quot;:null,&quot;link&quot;:&quot;media&quot;,&quot;is_preview&quot;:false,&quot;updir&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/&quot;,&quot;captions&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:false,&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;cascade&quot;,&quot;justified_row_height&quot;:200,&quot;justified_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;masonry_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;masonry_columns&quot;:3,&quot;square_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;square_columns&quot;:5,&quot;cascade_gutter&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;class_id&quot;:&quot;mgl-gallery-6a81c236d1260&quot;,&quot;layouts&quot;:[&quot;o&quot;,&quot;i&quot;,&quot;ii&quot;],&quot;tiles_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;tiles_gutter_tablet&quot;:5,&quot;tiles_gutter_mobile&quot;:5,&quot;tiles_density&quot;:&quot;high&quot;,&quot;tiles_density_tablet&quot;:&quot;medium&quot;,&quot;tiles_density_mobile&quot;:&quot;low&quot;,&quot;horizontal_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;horizontal_image_height&quot;:500,&quot;horizontal_hide_scrollbar&quot;:false,&quot;carousel_gutter&quot;:5,&quot;carousel_arrow_nav_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;carousel_dot_nav_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;carousel_image_height&quot;:500,&quot;carousel_keep_aspect_ratio&quot;:false,&quot;map_gutter&quot;:10,&quot;map_height&quot;:400}\" data-gallery-images=\"[{&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Polnische Zwangsarbeiterinnen in Hennigsdorf, 1942 \\u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit&quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:1870,&quot;height&quot;:2560,&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-scaled.jpg&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;medium&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-219x300.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:219,&quot;height&quot;:300,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;large&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-748x1024.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:748,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;thumbnail&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-150x150.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:150,&quot;height&quot;:150,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;medium_large&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-768x1052.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:768,&quot;height&quot;:1052,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;1536x1536&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-1122x1536.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:1122,&quot;height&quot;:1536,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;2048x2048&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-1496x2048.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:1496,&quot;height&quot;:2048,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;trp-custom-language-flag&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-9x12.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:9,&quot;height&quot;:12,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;twentytwenty-fullscreen&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild-1980x2711.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:1980,&quot;height&quot;:2711,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;}},&quot;image_meta&quot;:{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;keywords&quot;:[]},&quot;original_image&quot;:&quot;2-Gruppenbild.jpg&quot;},&quot;id&quot;:&quot;717&quot;,&quot;img_html&quot;:&quot;&lt;img width=\\&quot;580\\&quot; height=\\&quot;794\\&quot; src=\\&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-748x1024.jpg\\&quot; class=\\&quot;wp-image-717\\&quot; alt=\\&quot;Polnische Zwangsarbeiterinnen in Hennigsdorf, 1942 \\u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\\&quot; draggable=\\&quot;\\&quot; srcset=\\&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-748x1024.jpg 748w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-768x1052.jpg 768w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-1122x1536.jpg 1122w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-1496x2048.jpg 1496w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-1980x2711.jpg 1980w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-scaled.jpg 1870w\\&quot; sizes=\\&quot;80vw\\&quot; \\\/&gt;&quot;,&quot;link_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/2-Gruppenbild-scaled.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_target&quot;:&quot;_self&quot;,&quot;link_rel&quot;:null,&quot;attributes&quot;:[]},{&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Ab 1940 m\\u00fcssen polnische  Zwangsarbeiter:innen auf der Brust den Buchstaben \\u201eP\\u201c tragen. Damit sind sie jederzeit als Pol:innen erkennbar und aus der deutschen Gesellschaft ausgeschlossen. &quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:600,&quot;height&quot;:790,&quot;file&quot;:&quot;2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;medium&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-228x300.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:228,&quot;height&quot;:300,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;thumbnail&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-150x150.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:150,&quot;height&quot;:150,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;},&quot;trp-custom-language-flag&quot;:{&quot;file&quot;:&quot;1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-9x12.jpg&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:9,&quot;height&quot;:12,&quot;mime-type&quot;:&quot;image\\\/jpeg&quot;}},&quot;image_meta&quot;:{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;keywords&quot;:[]}},&quot;id&quot;:&quot;725&quot;,&quot;img_html&quot;:&quot;&lt;img width=\\&quot;580\\&quot; height=\\&quot;764\\&quot; src=\\&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg\\&quot; class=\\&quot;wp-image-725\\&quot; alt=\\&quot;Buchstabe \\u201eP\\u201c \\u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\\&quot; draggable=\\&quot;\\&quot; srcset=\\&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg 600w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-9x12.jpg 9w\\&quot; sizes=\\&quot;80vw\\&quot; \\\/&gt;&quot;,&quot;link_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_target&quot;:&quot;_self&quot;,&quot;link_rel&quot;:null,&quot;attributes&quot;:[]}]\" data-atts=\"{&quot;ids&quot;:&quot;717,725&quot;,&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;cascade&quot;,&quot;gutter&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;captions&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;link&quot;:&quot;media&quot;}\"><div class=\"mgl-gallery-container\"><\/div><div class=\"mgl-gallery-images\"><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"\" aria-label=\"Polnische Zwangsarbeiterinnen in Hennigsdorf, 1942 \u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"794\" src=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-748x1024.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-717\" alt=\"Polnische Zwangsarbeiterinnen in Hennigsdorf, 1942 \u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\" draggable=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-748x1024.jpg 748w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-768x1052.jpg 768w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-1122x1536.jpg 1122w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-1496x2048.jpg 1496w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-1980x2711.jpg 1980w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2-Gruppenbild-scaled.jpg 1870w\" sizes=\"auto, 80vw\" \/><\/a><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"\" aria-label=\"Buchstabe \u201eP\u201c \u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"764\" src=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-725\" alt=\"Buchstabe \u201eP\u201c \u00a9 Dokumentationszentrum NS-Zwangsarbeit\" draggable=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1-Buchstabe-P-copy-1-9x12.jpg 9w\" sizes=\"auto, 80vw\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><br><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rund zwei Millionen Pol:innen leisten w\u00e4hrend des Zweiten Weltkrieges im Deutschen Reich Zwangsarbeit. Damit bilden sie nach den Ostarbeiter:innen die zweitgr\u00f6\u00dfte Gruppe unter den rund 13 Millionen Zwangsarbeiter:innen. Fast alle werden gewaltsam verschleppt. Obwohl sie Schwerstarbeit leisten, pr\u00e4gen primitive Unterk\u00fcnfte und schlechte Verpflegung ihr Leben. Freizeitaktivit\u00e4ten sind ihnen weitgehend verboten. Sch\u00e4tzungsweise 137.000 Pol:innen kommen w\u00e4hrend [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-352","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1510,"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352\/revisions\/1510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siemens.ns-zwangsarbeit.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}